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| Description. Fly poison has basal grass-like leaves and white flowers with dense racemes. |
| Geographic range. Found in moist soils and open woodlands in the eastern United States, fly poison emerges in the spring before most other forages. |
| Toxic principle. Several toxins have been identified in fly poison. These include cevanine-type veratrum ester alkaloids, amianthine, and jervine, which is a teratogen. |
| Toxicity. Leaves and bulbs are neurotoxic. In sheep and cattle, the toxic dose is 0.1-0.2% body weight and the lethal dose is 0.3% body weight of green plant. |
| Diagnosis
Clinical signs. After a few hours, excessive salivation and vomiting are seen. Later signs include colic, weakness, incoordination, and labored respiration. Clinical signs generally disappear within 1-2 days. In cases of ingestion of large amounts of the plant, animals may die due to respiratory failure within the first day. Lesions. Small scattered hemorrhages may be seen. |
| Treatment. There is no effective treatment. |
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| University of Pennsylvania |
| Created by: Alexander Chan (2003), Daphne Downs (2002), Chris Tsai (2001), Brett Begley (2000), Janet Triplett (1997) |
| Faculty Advisor: Dr. Robert Poppenga |