| Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Innervation |
Action |
| Tensor fasciae latae m. |
Coxal Tuber |
Patella, Lateral Patellar Ligament and Cranial Border of Tibia (with fascia lata)
&
Third Trochanter of Femur (with spf. gluteal m.) |
Cranial Gluteal n. |
Flexes hip
Advances limb
Extends stifle
Tenses the fascia lata |
| Superficial Gluteal m. |
Coxal Tuber |
Fascia Lata
&
Third Trochanter of Femur |
Cranial Gluteal n.
&
Caudal Gluteal n. |
Flexes hip
Advances and abducts limb |
| Middle Gluteal m. |
Gluteal Surface of Ilium
&
Sacroiliac and Sacrosciatic Ligaments |
Greater Trochanter of Femur |
Cranial Gluteal n. |
Extends hip
Abducts limb |
| Accessory Gluteal m. |
Gluteal Surface of Ilium |
Distal of Greater Trochanter of Femur |
Cranial Gluteal n. |
Extends hip
Abducts limb |
| Deep Gluteal m. |
Ischial Spine |
Greater Trochanter of Femur |
Cranial Gluteal n. |
Abducts limb |
Gemelli m.
(the "twins") |
Dorsal Border of Ischium |
Trochanteric Fossa of Femur |
Sciatic n.
(Muscular Branches) |
Rotates thigh outward |
| Internal Obturator m. |
Internal Surface of Ischium and Pubis from Obturator Foramen to the Pelvic Symphysis |
Trochanteric Fossa of Femur |
Sciatic n.
(Muscular Branches) |
Rotates thigh outward |
Quadratus Femoris:
|
Ventral Surface of Ischium |
Caudal Surface of Femur
near Third Trochanter |
Sciatic n.
(Muscular Branches) |
Helps extend hip joint |
| External Obturator m. |
Ventral Surface of Pelvis from Obturator Foramen |
Trochanteric Fossa of Femur |
Obturator n. |
Rotates thigh outward
Adducts limb
|
| Biceps femoris m. |
|
| vertebral head |
Spinous and Transverse Processes of S3-5
&
Sacrosciatic Ligament and Tail Fascia |
Patella and Patellar Ligaments (Lat./Med.)
&
Cranial Border of Tibia
&
Calcaneus (via tarsal tendon)
&
Crural Fascia |
Caudal Gluteal n.
&
Tibial n. |
Extends hip
Abducts limb
Extends stifle
Flexes Stifle (via caudal aspect)
Extends hock |
| pelvic head |
Ischial Tuber |
|
| Semitendinosus m. |
|
| vertebral head |
S5 to Cd2
&
Sacrosciatic Ligament and Tail Fascia |
Cranial Border of Tibia
&
Calcaneus (via tarsal tendon)
&
Crural Fascia |
Caudal Gluteal n.
&
Tibial n. |
Extends hip
Adducts and draws back limb
Extends stifle
Extends hock |
| pelvic head |
Ventral Aspect of Ischial Tuber |
|
| Semimembranosus m. |
|
| vertebral head |
Cd1
&
Sacrosciatic Ligament |
Medial Condyles of Femur and Tibia |
Caudal Gluteal n.
&
Tibial n. |
Extends hip
Adducts and draws back limb
Rotates limb inward
Extends stifle
Extends hock |
| pelvic head |
Ventromedial Aspect of Ischial Tuber |
|
| Gracilis m. |
Pelvic Symphysis (via symphysial tendon) |
Cranial Border of Tibia
&
Medial Patellar Ligament
&
Crural Fascia |
Obturator n. |
Adducts limb
Extends Stifle
|
| Adductor m. |
Ventral Surface of Pelvis
&
Symphysial Tendon |
Medial Epicondyle and Caudal Surface of Femur |
Obturator n. |
Adducts limb
Draws limb back
|
| Pectineus m. |
Pubis
&
Iliopubic Eminence (of other side) |
Medial Surface of Femur |
Obturator n.
&
Femoral n. |
Flexes hip
Adducts limb
|
| Sartorius m. |
Internal Iliac Fascia
&
Insertion Tendon of Psoas Minor |
Medial Stifle |
Femoral n. |
Flexes hip
Adducts limb
Draws limb back
|
| Quadratus femoris m. |
|
| Rectus femoris m. |
Shaft of Ilium |
Tibial Tuberosity
(via intermediate patellar ligament) |
Femoral n. |
Flexes hip
Extends and stabilizes stifle |
| Vastus lateralis m. |
Proximolateral Femur |
| Vastus medialis m. |
Proximomedial Femur |
| Vastus intermedius m. |
Proximodorsal Femur |
|
| Popliteus m. |
Lateral Condyle of Femur |
Caudomedial Aspect of Femur |
Tibial n. |
Flexes stifle |
Gatrocnemius m.
includes medial and lateral heads |
Medial and Lateral Supracondylar Tuberosities of Femur |
Calcanean Tuber
(Common Calcanean Tendon) |
Tibial n. |
Flexes stifle
Extends hock
|
| Soleus m. |
Proximal Fibula |
Joins Common Calcanean Tendon |
Tibial n. |
Could extend hock
(a rudimentary muscle) |
| Superficial Digital Flexor m. |
Supracondylar Fossa of Femur |
Plantar Aspect of Distal End of Proximal Phalanx
&
Proximal Collateral Tubercles of Middle Phalanx |
Tibial n. |
Proximal aspect has role in reciprocal mechanism
Distal aspect supports Metacarpophalangeal and Proximal Interphalangeal Joints
(Fetlock and Pastern)
|
| Deep Digital Flexor m. |
|
| Lateral digital flexor m. |
Caudal Surface of Tibia |
Plantar Aspect of Distal Phalanx |
Tibial n. |
Extends hock
Flexes digit
|
| Caudal tibial m. |
Caudal Surface of Tibia |
| Medial digital flexor m. |
Lateral Tibial Condyle |
|
| Cranial tibial m. |
Lateral Condyle and Tuberosity of Tibia |
Tarsus1+2 & 3 and Metatarsal III |
Peroneal n. |
Flexes hock |
| Peroneus tertius m. |
Lateral Condyle of Femur |
Tarsal Bones (except Tarsus1+2)
&
Metacarpal III |
Peroneal n. |
Element of reciprocal mechanism |
| Long Digital Extensor m. |
Lateral Condyle of Femur |
Extensor Processes of Distal Phalanx
&
Proximal and Middle Phalanges (Secondarily) |
Peroneal n. |
Flexes hock
Extends digit
|
| Lateral Digital Extensor m. |
Lateral Collateral Ligament of Stifle
&
Tibial and Fibula |
Joins Long Digital Extensor Tendon |
Peroneal n. |
Flexes hock
Extends digit
|
| Interosseous |
Proximocaudal Metacarpal III
&
Palmar Tarsal Ligament |
Proximal Sesamoid Bones |
Lateral Plantar Digital n. |
Resists overextension of metacarpophalangeal joint
(fetlock) |